Motivation
Motivation
is the word derived from the word “motive’ which means needs, desires, wants or
drives within the individuals. It is the process of stimulating people to
actions to accomplish the goals. In the work goal context the psychological
factors stimulating the people’s behavior can be:
Desire for money
Success
Recognition
Job-satisfaction
Teamwork
etc
One
of the most important function of management to create willingness amongst the
employees to perform in the vest of their abilities. Therefore the role of a
leader is to arouse interest in performance of employees in their jobs. The
process of motivation consists of three stages:
A felt need or drive
A stimulus in which needs have
to be aroused
When
needs are satisfied, the satisfaction or accomplishment of goals.
Therefore,
we can say that motivation is a psychological phenomenon which means needs and
wants of the individuals have to be tackled by framing an incentive plan.
Importance of Motivation
Motivation is a very important for an organization
because of the following benefits it provides:
·
Puts human resources into action
Every
concern requires physical, financial and human resources to accomplish the
goals. It is through motivation that the human resources can be utilized by
making full use of it. This can be done by building willingness in employees to
wor3.k. This will help the enterprise in securing best possible utilization of
resources.
·
Improves level of efficiency of employees
The
level of a subordinate or an employee does not only depend upon his
qualification and abilities. For getting best of his work performance, the gap
between ability and willingness has to be filled which helps in improving the
level of performance of subordinates. This will result into:
Increase in productivity
Reducing cost
of operations, and
Improving overall efficiency
·
Leads to achievement of organizational goals
The
goals of an enterprise can be achieved only when the following factors take
place.
There is best possible
utilization of resources
There is a co-operative work
environment
The employees are goal-directed and they act in a
purposive manner.
Goals can be achieved if co-ordination and co-operative
takes place simultaneously which can be effectively done through motivation.
·
Builds friendly relationship
Motivation
is an important factor which brings employees satisfaction. This can be done by
keeping into mind and framing an incentive plan for the benefit of the
employees. This could initiate the following things:
Monetary and non-monetary incentives
Promotion opportunities for employees
Disincentives for inefficient employees
In
order to build a cordial, friendly atmosphere in a concern, the above steps
should be taken by a manager. This would help in:
Effective co-operation which
brings stability,
Industrial dispute and unrest in
employees will reduce
The employees will be adaptable to
the changes and there will be no resistance to the change
This will help in providing a smooth and sound concern in
which individual interests will coincide with the organizational interests
This will result in profit maximization through increased
productivity
·
Lead to stability of work force
Stability of work force is very important form the point
of view of reputation and goodwill of a concern. The employees can remain loyal
to the enterprise only when they have a feeling of participation in the management.
The skills and efficiency of employees will always be of advantage to employees
as well as employees. This will lead to a good public image in the market, which
will attract competent and qualified people into a concern.
From
the above discussion, we can say that motivation is an internal feeling which
can be understood only by manger since he is in close contact with the
employees. Needs, wants and desires are inter-related and they are the driving
forces to act. These needs can be understood by the manger and he can frame to
motivation plans accordingly. We can say that motivation therefore is a
continuous process since motivation process is based on needs which are
unlimited. The process has to be continued throughout.
We
can summarize by saying that motivation is important both to an individual and
a business. Motivation is important to an individual as:
Motivation will help his achieve
his personal goals
If an individual is motivated,
he will have job satisfaction
Motivation will help in
self-development of individual
An individual would always gain by working with a dynamic
team
Similarly,
motivation is important to a business as
The more motivated the employees
are, the more empowered the team is.
The more is the team work and individual employee
contribution, more profitable and successful is the business
During period of changes, there
will be more adaptability and creativity
Motivation will lead to an
optimistic and challenging attitude at work place
Maslow’s Need Hierarchy Model
The
needs have been classified into the following in order:
1.
Physiological needs:
these are the basic needs of an individual which includes food, clothing,
shelter, air, water, etc. These needs relate to the survival and maintenance of
human life.
2.
Safety needs: These
needs are also important for human beings. Everybody wants job security,
protection against danger, safety of property, etc.
3.
Social needs: These
needs emerge from society. A ma is a social animal. These needs become
important. For example: love, affection, belongingness, friendship,
conversation, etc.
4.
Esteem needs: These
needs relate to desire for self-respect, recognition and respect form others
5.
Self-actualization needs: These are the needs of the highest order and these needs
are found in those people whose previous four needs are satisfied. This will
include need for social service, meditation.
